<p>South Chappell Street Car Barn is a historic street car repair building located at Petersburg, Virginia. It was built between 1899 and 1903, and is a one-story, 16 bay long, rectangular brick building. It has a steel truss roof and monitor roof window. Also on the property is a contributing one-story frame building.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>Virginia Trunk & Bag Company is a historic factory complex located at Petersburg, Virginia. It was constructed in several phases between 1903 and about 1931. The two contributing buildings are the trunk factory building  and storage and shipping building . The two buildings are connected by two enclosed pedestrian bridges. The trunk factory is a four-story brick building with a number of additions. The storage and shipping building is a three- and four-story brick building. The railroad spur is a contributing site.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>Poplar Lawn Historic District is a national historic district located in Petersburg, Virginia. The district is named after Petersburgs central park, which spans about two city blocks. In the early 19th century, it was often used as a military parade ground, but during he American Civil War, it became a tent-based detention center and hospital. Later, it became the site of civic celebrations, including possibly the first Memorial Day, on June 9, 1865. The district also includes 372 contributing buildings, mostly mid- to late-19th-century, single-family residences for middle and upper-middle-class families, some constructed of brick, others weatherboard frame, and later subdivided. Residential architectural styles include Greek Revival, Colonial Revival, Second Empire, and Italianate. Notable buildings include the Bolling-Zimmer House , St. Stephens Church , Zion Baptist Church , William T. Double House , the Waterworks , Dr. Robert Broadnax House , Market Street Methodist Church Parsonage , Maurice Finn House , and the Frank M. D&#39;Alton Double House .</p><br>
<p>Poplar Lawn Park features a stone basin of uncertain age that is five feet across, and with an oval-shaped depression a foot wide and a foot deep. It is traditionally known as "Pocahontas&#39; bath", though there is no proof she ever used it.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, with a boundary increase in 2006.</p><br>
<p>Petersburg Old Town Historic District is a national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes 174 contributing buildings located in the oldest section of Petersburg. It includes a varied collection of late 18th- through 20th-century architecture. Notable buildings include the Strachan-Harrison house , the John F. May house , South Side Railroad Depot , High Street United Methodist Church , Church of Christ , and the Powell Manufacturing Co. Located in the district and separately listed are the Appomattox Iron Works, City Market, Exchange Building, Farmers&#39; Bank and Nathaniel Friend House.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, with a boundary increase in 2008.</p><br>
<p>Folly Castle Historic District, also known as the West Washington Street Historic District, is a national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes 189 contributing buildings and 1 contributing object located in a predominantly residential section of Petersburg. It includes a varied collection of late 18th-and 19th-century houses and includes notable examples of Late Victorian, Georgian, Italianate, Queen Anne, and Federal style architecture. Notable buildings include Folly Castle / Peter Jones V residence , McIlwaine-Friend residence , Rambout-Donnan residence , former Petersburg High School , Donnan House , First Baptist Church , Couch House , and St. John&#39;s Episcopal Church . Located in the district and separately listed are the Second Presbyterian Church and Strawberry Hill.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, with boundary increases in 1992 and 2000.</p><br>
<p>Sweetwater Inn is a property in McDuffie County, Georgia, near Thomson, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located off Georgia Highway 17 on Old Milledgeville Road. The structure on the property functioned as a residence and an inn. It was built in 1826. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 1985. At the time of its National Register listing, it was not in use.</p><br>
<p>Veterans Park is a city park in the downtown area of Holyoke, Massachusetts. Originally called Hampden Park when it was given to the city by the Holyoke Water Power Company in 1861, it was rededicated in 1962 to honor the citys military veterans. The park and a few surrounding buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012 as the Hampden Park Historic District. Included in this designation are St. Jeromes Church , the Convent of the Sisters of Notre Dame de Lourdes , and the former Central Fire Station , and other buildings.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Veterans Park is located in downtown Holyoke, occupying an entire city block bounded by Chestnut, Hampden, Maple, and Dwight Streets. It is basically flat, with a central circular plot, from which eight straight walkways radiate to the corners and sides. Surrounded by granite curbing and wrought iron fencing at the center is the citys monument to its Civil War dead, designed by Henry Jackson Ellicott and erected in 1876. Monuments elsewhere in the park are dedicated to the citys soldiers who fought in World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.</p><br>
<p>When Holyokes grid of streets was laid out in 1848, this particular parcel was set aside as one of three public parks, of which it is the only one to survive. St. Jeromes Church was built in the 1850s to cater to the many Irish Catholic immigrants who settled in Holyoke and worked in its industries. The park was originally owned by the Holyoke Water Power Company, and was given to the city in 1861. This led to a more formal design for the space, which has remained largely unchanged since. After Holyoke City Hall was built a block away, the park became a central open space for civic and social gatherings, in particular its Memorial Day commemorations.</p><br>
<p>The Carnegie Library of Albany is a Carnegie library in Albany, Missouri, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was designed by Edmond J. Eckel and opened in 1906.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The city of Albany had a subscription library which operated from 1885 to about 1890. Because of renewed interested in having a public library, a grant was requested from Andrew Carnegie. A pledge of $10,000 was made on June 2, 1903, and a lot was purchased in July 1904. The building was designed by Edmond J. Eckel. After requesting bids in November 1905, Louis Walin was selected. The final bid was $9,071, which required further grant money from Carnegie, bringing the total donation to $12,500. The library opened to the public on March 1, 1906.</p><br>
<p>The library basement housed city hall from 1939 until the mid-1960s, and then the University of Missouri Extension Office. The building continues to serve as a library in Albany.</p><br>
<p>The library was nominated for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion A for its significance in social history as a Carnegie Library and Criterion C for its architecture. The library was listed on the National Register on February 23, 1990, as the "Albany Carnegie Public Library".</p><br>
<p>Isaqueena, also known as the Gassaway Mansion, is a historic house in Greenville, South Carolina, and the largest private residence in the Upstate. In 1982 it was listed in the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The 40-room house was built between 1919 and 1924 by Walter L. Gassaway, a banker and textile mill owner; his wife, Minnie Quinn Gassaway, designed the structure after taking a correspondence course in architecture. Mrs. Gassaway used the mansion itself for entertaining, including card parties and "entertainments in the music room and ballroom", but she also supervised the 110-acre estate that included a working farm and dairy.</p><br>
<p>As the National Register nomination notes, the three-story house is "an unusual example of eclecticism", blending neo-Gothic and neoclassical elements that include six Doric columns, a Palladian window, a castellated tower, two rooftop patios, and a massive porte-cochère. Stone for the random bond masonry was in part taken from a mid-nineteenth-century grist mill on the Reedy River owned by Greenville founder Vardry McBee.</p><br>
<p>Walter Gassaway died of a heart attack on June 4, 1930. The following year his widow abandoned Isaqueena for a smaller home (which she also designed) closer to downtown Greenville. Most of the estate was sold for house lots, and the mansion was converted into rental apartments. In 1959, the building was purchased by the fledgling Greenville Art Museum, which occupied it and built an art school building on the property. After the art museum moved to a purpose-built gallery on Greenville&#39;s Heritage Green in 1974, the mansion sat vacant until purchased in 1977 for use as a church and school. The building once again became a private residence in the 1990s, and it has since been maintained through rentals as a wedding venue.</p><br>
<p>The Old Hall County Courthouse is a historic county courthouse in Gainesville, Georgia. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 8, 1995. It is located at the junction of Spring Street and Green Street. It was built in 1937 with an addition at the rear in 1975.</p><br>
<p>The courthouse was designed by the Atlanta architecture firm of Daniell & Beutell in the Stripped Classical style. The courthouse was built after a previous county courthouse, built in 1884, was destroyed by a devastating 1936 tornado. The courthouse construction was partially funded by federal emergency relief for rebuilding.</p><br>
<p>A new courthouse adjacent to the older courthouse was built in 2000-2002.</p><br>
<p>The Federal Building and USA Courthouse is a historic building in Gainesville, Georgia, located at 126 Washington Street. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 24, 1974. Part of the building was constructed in 1910 and used as a post office. James Knox Taylor designed it. The courthouse was constructed behind this building in 1936. The post office building is marble and both buildings are Neoclassical designs.</p><br>
<p>Lee Memorial Park is a historic park and national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes two contributing buildings, three contributing sites, and two contributing structures. They are the park superintendents house, the bathhouse, Willcox Lake reservoir, the Civil War earthworks, the parks system of roadways, paths and trails, the park&#39;s general topography and the Lee Park Wild Flower and Bird Sanctuary created by the Works Progress Administration between 1935 and 1940. As part of the W.P.A. project, Petersburg artist Bessie Niemeyer Marshall painted 238 watercolors of Lee Park herbarium specimens.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>Centre Hill Historic District is a national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes 81 contributing buildings located in a predominantly residential section of Petersburg. It includes a varied collection of early-19th-century to early-20th century houses and includes notable examples of Greek Revival, Italianate, Colonial Revival, and Bungalow style architecture. Notable buildings include the Centre Hill Apartment Building , Eichberg House, Powell House, Unger House, and St. Joseph&#39;s Convent. Located in the district and separately listed is the Centre Hill Museum.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>South Market Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes 15 contributing buildings and 1 contributing object located in a predominantly residential section of Petersburg. It includes a varied collection of mid- to late-19th-century houses and includes notable examples of Late Victorian and Colonial Revival style architecture. Notable buildings include the Mt. Olivet Baptist Church , Scott House , and Williams House . Located in the district and separately listed is the Thomas Wallace House.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>Petersburg Courthouse Historic District is a national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes 75 contributing buildings located in the central business district of Petersburg. It is centered on the Petersburg Courthouse and includes notable examples of Greek Revival, Italianate, Federal style architecture. Notable buildings include the Paul-Lassiter House, Slaughter-Tatum House, Tabb Street Presbyterian Church Rectory, Mark E. Holt Jewelry Store, Augustus Wright Block, Virginia National Bank, Saals Department Store, Remmie Arnold Pens Company building, A&P Super Market, Watson Court Apartments, and the Zimmer & Company Building. Located in the district and separately listed are the Petersburg City Hall, Tabb Street Presbyterian Church, and Saint Pauls Church.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>Commerce Street Industrial Historic District is a national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes 12 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure located in a predominantly industrial section of Petersburg. It is dominated by four early-20th century industrial complexes – Petersburg Trunk and Bag Company , Titmus Optical Company , Rogers and Madison Trunk Corporation , and Southern Chemical Company .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Commercial and Industrial Historic District is a national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes 15 contributing buildings, 1 contributing structure, and 1 contributing object located in a predominantly industrial and commercial section of Petersburg. The section housed some of Petersburg&#39;s important industries – tobacco and wholesale grocery and confectioner. Notable buildings include the Cameron Building , Export Leaf Tobacco Company , H.P. Harrison Company , Brown & Williamson complex, and Gibson Drive-in.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office in Cordele, Georgia is a historic building built during 1912–13. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 29, 1984. It is located at 102-104 6th Street. James Knox Taylor is credited as the building&#39;s architect and its architectural design is considered Renaissance Revival architecture.</p><br>
<p>Its NRHP nomination deemed it to be "a fine example of Taylors efforts to provide the smaller communities with buildings that embodied the style of the Renaissance Revival" and compared it to The Louvre, Saint Pauls Cathedral, the banqueting house of Whitehall, and the Petit Trianon of Versailles.</p><br>
<p>The J.J. Deal and Son Carriage Factory, located at 117 West Street, was the largest factory built in Jonesville, Michigan and is the only 19th century factory remaining in the city. On August 1, 2012, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places. In 2015, the building was redeveloped into the Heritage Lane Apartments.</p><br>
<h2>J.J. Deal and Son History</h2><br>
<p>Jacob J. Deal was a blacksmith who moved to Jonesville, Michigan in 1857. Once he relocated to Jonesville, Deal began to manufacture a small number of lumber wagons and other heavy wagons. Deal sold his blacksmith shop in 1865 and erected two small buildings across the street, where he began the full-time manufacture of wagons and carriages. As the business grew, he repeatedly enlarged his factory. In 1890, he began construction on a new factory building, forming the core of the structure which still stands today. A number of additions were made to the building from 1893 to 1909, and the factory eventually employed over 100 men. In 1891, Deal&#39;s son, George, became a partner and began managing the company, which was renamed J.J. Deal and Son.</p><br>
<h2>The Deal Motor Vehicle Company</h2><br>
<p>In 1890 George motorized one of Deal&#39;s buggies and used is as his personal car. According to some sources, George is believed to have motorized a few more buggies for customers. The company called these motorized buggies the Autobuggy. They are also believed to have motorized some wagon for use as trucks. None of these survive.</p><br>
<p>In 1908 company was reorganized under the name of the Deal Motor Vehicle Company and began making their own automobiles. By 1910, the number of workers had increased to 140. Several models of the Deal Automobile were manufactured from 1908 until 1911, with costs ranging from about US$950 to US$1,250.</p><br>
<p>In 1911 the Model S was rebranded as the Model C The vehicle was bodied as a four-seater Surrey and sold for US$1,000. The Model R also debuted that year. The Model R&#39;s chassis was slightly extended and had a 264cm wheelbase. It was an open touring car with seating for five people and sold for US$1,250.</p><br>
<p>As of 2015, only two Deal automobiles were know to exist. One, formerly located at Harrah’s Casino in Las Vegas, was sold to a private collector. The other was on display in the Jonesville City Building in Jonesville.</p><br>
<h2>Demise</h2><br>
<p>After this demand began to fall for Deal&#39;s products due to increasing competition from other automobile manufacturers and reduced demand for buggies and wagon. Coupled with this was the death or departure of the companies leadership. George died in 1908, Omar Dickerson left the company in 1913, and Jacob Deal died in 1914. The company went out of business in 1915.</p><br>
<h2>Factories Later History</h2><br>
<p>The Universal Body Company took over the entire complex in 1918, where it manufactured motor bus bodies. In 1927, the Kiddie Brush & Toy Company took over the factory. The company made children&#39;s housekeeping toys, which were sold under the Susy Goose name. In 1949, it started making plastic injection molded toys then in the 1960s made Barbie and Ken furniture and accessories for Mattel. In 1967, the company moved its headquarters to Edon, Ohio. In 1972, the J.R. Headers Company moved into the space but only for a short time until 1976 when it moved out.</p><br>
<p>Over the next 40 years, the building stood underutilized or vacant until 2014, when the Michigan State Housing Development Authority approved a tax credit application by Excel-Sterling LDHA LP to provide Section 42 tax credits for the re-development of the building. Construction began in 2015 to redevelop the property into the "Heritage Lane Apartments," to provide residential living for 44 families over four floors. Construction on the building was completed in July 2016. The completed building includes a computer room, management and maintenance offices, a resident library and historic interior décor. An original JJ Deal Buggy built in the 1890s stands in the building&#39;s lobby. A Michigan historic marker stands at the edge of the Heritage Lane property and identifies the building and its historical context.</p><br>
<h2>Building Description</h2><br>
<p>The J.J. Deal and Son Carriage Factory is a four-story brick building with a long rectangular footprint. The front of the building contains three bays separated by brick piers. The center bay contains an entrance with transom window above. Double-hung windows in jack-arch openings are located in the side bays and in the upper floors. Brick bands run across the top of the third floor and fourth floor. The side elevation contains 30 equally spaced openings on each floor. Two openings on the first floor contain entrances; the remaining openings contain double-hung windows similar to those on the front elevation.</p><br>
<p>The building is representative of late 19th century mill and factory buildings constructed in Michigan and across the United States.</p><br>
<p>The Hillsdale Downtown Historic District is a commercial historic district located in Hillsdale, Michigan and roughly bounded by Will Carleton Road to the north, Ferris Street on the east, Waldron Street on the south, and West Street on the west. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The city of Hillsdale was established in 1839 and was designated the county seat of Hillsdale County in 1843. Since the 1840s, the section of the city covered by this district has been the commercial and civic heat of Hillsdale.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Hillsdale Downtown Historic District contains 95 buildings constructed from the 1860s to the 1930s. These include structures associated with many of the citys oldest civic and commercial institutions, and structures that represent many of the broad trends in American and Midwestern architecture extant during Hillsdales history.</p><br>
<p>Significant buildings in the district include the Hillsdale County Courthouse, the Hillsdale City Hall, post office, St. Anthony Catholic Church, St. Peter&#39;s Episcopal Church, First United Methodist Church, First Presbyterian Church, and the former rail depot.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>Crawford Depot is a historic train station in Crawford, Oglethorpe County, Georgia. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 27, 1977. The depot is located on USA 78; it dates from ca. 1848 and is used to house the Oglethorpe County Chamber of Commerce.</p><br>
<p>According to local history, the building was constructed from Lithonia granite crossties which had been used by the Georgia Railroad. It&#39;s a rare example of a stone depot built by the Georgia Railroad.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-story granite building approximately 41 ft by 91 ft in dimension. It is the only surviving stone depot building of the Georgia Railroad.</p><br>
<p>Howard&#39;s Covered Bridge is a historic covered bridge outside of Smithonia in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 1, 1975. The bridge is located 3 miles southeast of Smithonia on SR S2164. The bridge was built in 1905 in a Town lattice design and is 168 feet  long. The span travels over Big Clouds Creek. The site is marked by a historical marker posted by the Georgia Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The sites historical marker is at the southern end of Chandler Silver Road at the intersection with Clouds Creek Road, 1.3 miles west of the Cloud&#39;s Creek Baptist Church marker.</p><br>
<p>First National Bank, also known as Bank of Columbus, is a historic building in Columbus, Georgia. It is a cast iron office building built for the Bank of Columbus at a cost of $50,000 and used by the bank during 1860–66. After the bank apparently went bankrupt, the building was bought at auction for $28,000 by the Georgia Home Insurance Company. It has been used by various banks since, including the First National Bank of Columbus in 1974. It is located at 1048 Broadway.</p><br>
<p>The building was featured on a 50 cent paper note issued by the Bank of Columbus. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s cast iron front and cast iron cage were shipped from New York and Pittsburgh.</p><br>
<p>The Hooker Apartments are a large multiunit apartment building at the corner of Main and Greenwich Streets in the North End of Springfield, Massachusetts. Built in 1908, the building is one of a modest number of early 20th century apartment blocks to survive urban renewal efforts in the city&#39;s North End. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Hooker Apartments are located at the southwest corner of Main and Greenwich Streets in the Memorial Square neighborhood north of Springfields downtown. It is a four-story brick and brownstone building. Housing 23 residential units, it is one of the larger apartment blocks in the area. The buildings street facades feature golden brick with brownstone trim, and two bowed sections on each side. The building is in a L shape, with a driveway and parking in the rear of the rectangular lot. There are three main entrances, two on Main Street and one on Greenwich. Each entrance is framed by brownstone pilasters with a triangular pediment above. At the corner on the ground floor is a small commercial space with its own entrance. Each floor has six living units, except the first, which has five (the storefront occupying the sixth space).</p><br>
<p>The apartment house was built in 1908 for developers William Dexter and Joseph Angers to a design by Arsidas "Albert" Ostiguy, and was named for Springfield civic leader Josiah Hooker (1796-1870). The North End was at that time an area of rapid growth, with a number of relatively large apartment developments taking place in the first two decades of the 20th century. By the late 1950s, much of the housing in the area was in decline, and many buildings were demolished as part of an urban renewal program in the 1960s and 1970s. The building was extensively rehabilitated in 2010, recovering years of neglect, vandalism, and some damage from a 2004 fire that affected a number of units on the building&#39;s south end.</p><br>
<p>Newton County Courthouse is a historic county courthouse in Courthouse Square in Covington, Georgia, the county seat of Newton County, Georgia. The courthouse was designed by Bruce & Morgan in a Second Empire architecture style and built in 1884. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1980.</p><br>
<p>The courthouse features in two postcards from around 1907.</p><br>
<p>Brick Store is a historic building in Covington, Georgia. It was built in 1821 and served as a focus point for the community, also known as Sun Up, Georgia, Mt. Pleasent, Georgia or Brick Store, Georgia. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 9, 2009. The building is owned by the Trustees of the Newton County Historical Society. It is located on USA Route 278 at Old Social Circle Road.</p><br>
<p>The site includes a tablet from 1933 commemorating the Stage Coach Crossroads, a plaque commemorating the building&#39;s donation by Charles M. Jordan of the building to the Newton County Historical Society in 1971 and a plaque from the landmarks commission dated 1990.</p><br>
<p>Salem Camp Ground is a historic camp meeting site in Covington, Georgia. It was established in 1828. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 5, 1998. It is located at 3940 Salem Road.</p><br>
<p>The interdenominational camp offers activities for children and adults. It has camper hook ups and a hotel and is intended as a place for peace, worship, reunion, and spiritual renewal.</p><br>
<p>The listing includes 33 contributing resources.</p><br>
<p>The Burge Plantation, also known as the Burge Farm, is a historic farm estate in Newborn, Georgia. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 11, 2000. It is generally bounded by GA 142, Cook Road, Morehouse Road and Sewell Road.</p><br>
<p>Wiley Burge purchased the property in 1809 and farmed it with enslaved Africans. His son Thomas took over and his wife, Dolly Sumner (Lunt) Burge (a native of Maine and from an abolitionist family) kept a journal from 1848 through 1879. Four sisters who were enslaved married and raised their children, also slaves, at Burge. Those who were enslaved at Burge were members of three intact families (one sister died and her husband married the fourth sister). The journal, including information about these families, has been published and included in the series Southern Voices from the Past: Women’s Letters, Diaries, and Writings. It has also been depicted in Shermans March (2007 film) for its depictions of the arrival of General Tecumseh Shermans army on the property during the American Civil War. The site is now a private club and part of the Covington Historic Homes Tour.</p><br>
<p>Colored Memorial School and Risley High School is a historic school complex in Brunswick, Georgia where a Freedmen&#39;s School opened in 1870. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 7, 2002. It is located at 1800 Albany Street.</p><br>
<p>Risley High School competed in the Georgia Interscholastic Association. It won the state championship in basketball in 1969.</p><br>
<h2>Photos</h2><br>
<p>Brunswick Old Town Historic District is a historic district in Brunswick, Georgia. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 26, 1979 and includes an area bounded by 1st Street, Bay Street, New Bay Street, H Street, and Cochran Street . Brunswick is one of Georgia&#39;s two deep-water ports and is the mainland city associated with the Golden Isles of Georgia, at the junction of I-95 and US 82.</p><br>
<p>The historic district includes the site of the colonial British town of Brunswick, named after the family of King George III of Great Britain. Formed in 1771, it retains its original grid plan (as does Savannah, Georgia). The district has 19th century residential and public buildings including the Hazelhurst-Taylor House in Hanover Square, the Mahoney-McGarvey House on Reynolds Street, and the Old Brunswick City Hall. Some of the sidewalks use hexagonal stone tiles. GEORGIA</p><br>
<p>14) National Park Service</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<p>North Battersea-Prides Field Historic District is a national historic district located at Petersburg, Virginia. The district includes 156 contributing buildings and 2 contributing sites  located in a predominantly residential section of Petersburg. It includes a varied collection of mid- to late 19th- and early 20th-century middle and working-class houses and includes notable examples of Queen Anne and Gothic Revival style architecture. Notable buildings include the late-18th century stone toll keepers house, Montview , Pride&#39;s Tavern dependency , and West Street Presbyterian Chapel.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>Peoples Memorial Cemetery, formerly known as Providence Cemetery, is a historic African-American cemetery located at Petersburg, Virginia. The cemetery was deeded in three sections: the first tract in 1840, the second tract was added in 1865, and the final acres were deeded about 1880. The cemetery reflects the organization of "free persons of color" and is evidence of the evolution of the entrepreneurial efforts of African-American undertakers and stonecutters; the activities of mutual aid societies; and the communitys social, religious, and artistic values from 1840 to 1942.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery is located adjacent to the Blandford Cemetery and portions of the grounds were part of the Negro Burying Ground, a cemetery for slaves that died during the War of 1812.</p><br>
<p>Sutherland House, also known as the Sutherland-Hite House and Logan House, is a historic home located at Petersburg, Virginia. It was built between 1860 and 1862, and is a two-story, three-bay, Italianate style brick dwelling. The house incorporates an 1838, one-story, former dwelling as a rear ell, and a frame addition built in 1877. The main house has a double-pile, central passage plan. The house features two unusual chimneys made up of clustered flues on a low-hipped slate roof, tripartite windows, and a Doric order portico at the entry. Also on the property is a contributing two-story, four room brick service building.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.</p><br>
<p>The William R. Kirby Sr. House  is a private house located at 377 State Road in Hillsdale, Michigan. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1979</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>William Kirby Sr. was born near Leeds, England in 1805. He married Hannah Sykes, and the couple emigrated to the United States in 1827. After living in New York and Ohio, in 1835 they moved to Hillsdale County to homestead, one of the first families to settle in the area. In the 1840s, William and Hannah constructed this house. It took three years to gather the cobbles used in construction. Hannah Kirby died in 1876 and William in 1888, by which time their homestead had grown to 240 acres. The house was eventually passed on to William Kirby Jr.</p><br>
<p>The house was later owned by Robert Keefer.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Kirby House is a two-story Greek Revival with a gable roof and single story additions on the side and rear. The house is constructed of fieldstone faced with parallel rows of cobblestones, with cut sandstone quoins, lintels, and sills.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>The Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve, formerly known as the Deer Valley Rock Art Center, is a 47-acre nature preserve featuring over 1500 Hohokam, Patayan, and Archaic petroglyphs visible on 500 basalt boulders in the Deer Valley area of Phoenix, Arizona. In 1980, the US Army Corps of Engineers contracted J. Simon Bruder to conduct an archaeological investigation prior to the construction of the Adobe Dam at the Hedgpeth Hills. The petroglyphs are between 500 and 5,000 years old. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and it was also listed with the Phoenix Points of Pride. The preserve and museum are operated by the ASU College of Liberal Arts and Sciences&#39;s School of Human Evolution and Social Change.</p><br>
<p>The museum was designed by Will Bruder and was constructed on the site in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>Archaeological history</h2><br>
<p>In 1980, the US Army Corps of Engineers contracted the Museum of Northern Arizona to conduct an archaeological investigation prior to the construction of the Adobe Dam at the Hedgpeth Hills. The Museum of Northern Arizona and in a project directed by J. Simon Bruder conducted extensive fieldwork and they discovered a wide variety of features and artifacts. Their fieldwork lasted three months and an archaeological report was published. Some significant findings include: 1,571 petroglyphs on 579 boulders, ground stone and chipped stone quarries, cobble hammerstones, shells and bones, a single pithouse with 10 cooking pits and two trash deposits, a possible canal, agriculture evidence, several small stone masonry rooms, and a check dam. These findings along with excavation reports, maps, images, were published in the Digital Antiquity and then most recently posted in the Digital Archaeological Record. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and it was also listed with the Phoenix Points of Pride.</p><br>
<p>Bruder concluded that there were 37 different types of design elements with 143 varieties present at the site. The majority of the designs were linear along with curvilinear abstractions. These designs were photographed, drawn, and later digitally documented which allows for close examination and research that continues today.</p><br>
<p>The investigation ultimately concluded that the petroglyphs present relate to three archaeological traditions. These include the Western Archaic Tradition dating from about 5000 BC to 300 AD, the Hohokam tradition from 300 to 1450 AD, and the Patayan tradition from about 700–1550 AD. The artifacts present indicate that the site was primarily visited as people through the area on their way to settlements in the vicinity. People stopped here briefly to manufacture tools, perform rituals, and stay temporarily.</p><br>
<p>The preserve was created via a partnership between the federal, state, county, and city levels. After this establishment and the archaeological excavations, the Adobe Dam was given the clearance to be built as its purpose was to be stop flooding from the Skunk Creek located nearby. Today, the dam, land, and building are all the property of the Flood Control District of Maricopa County while the actual site is operated by the School of Human Evolution and Social Change at Arizona State University.</p><br>
<h2>The petroglyphs</h2><br>
<p>The petroglyphs are the most famous finds of the excavation were dated to be made between 500 and 5,000 years old. Rock art, such as these petroglyphs, is considered a meaningful social practice and provides extensive evidence of life and cultural values in the past. This is the only form of visual symbolism or mediums still left today as many other materials have perished with time. Because these petroglyphs are so visible throughout the site, they are frequently examined and studied still today. These petroglyphs were used for various religious and cultural practices primarily during the Hohokam Preclassic era c. 700–1100 AD and likely ceased during the Hohokam Classic Period, c. 1100–1450 AD.</p><br>
<p>Throughout the Phoenix Basin, many other petroglyphs sites are present, indicating a rich history of the Hohokam and strong connections with the land. The petroglyphs in the South Mountain and Phoenix area were used for ritual practices including South Mountain, Deer Valley, and Hayden Butte. The Leonard Monti Trail in the Hayden Butte Preserve near Arizona State University features a large panel of Hohokam rock that visitors can easily see today. Along with this, individuals can schedule guided tours of the petroglyphs visible at South Mountain as they are located off the traditional trail and not as visible</p><br>
<h2>Arizona State University&#39;s presence</h2><br>
<p>The preserve and museum are operated by Arizona State University&#39;s School of Human Evolution and Social Change. Since 1994, the university has taken extensive measures to preserve the site as well as protect and operate it on a daily basis. They provide the public with numerous ways to explore and learn about the site. Along with this, they offer education about the indigenous cultures associated with the site through a variety of mediums including publications, guided tours, and lectures.</p><br>
<h3>Community engagement</h3><br>
<p>Since Arizona State University has taken control in 1994, they have made the site a community focus in six main focuses:</p><br>
<p>Canyon Records: Canyon Records is a Phoenix, Arizona-based music store that has produced and distributed Native American music since 1994. Their partnership with the university began in 2017 with the goal to provide educational materials for the site. Canyon Records promotes Native American cultural and heritage and the site. They provide and continue to update many forms of expression including art, music, and writing sources</p><br>
<p>Act One: Act One is an Arizona-based organization that provides meaningful experiences to Title 1 schools that have funds for both educational culture and arts field trips and free museum admission with the Culture Pass program. The preserve participates in both of these programs and also offers specific days each month for Title 1 school field trips.</p><br>
<p>Archaeology Southwest: Archaeology Southwest is one of the most popular organizations that explores the past through a holistic, conservation-based approach, something that Arizona State University and the organization strive for. The organization&#39;s magazine is sold at the preserve and lectures are held by members of their team on topics of archaeology and research methods. The organization is also consulted by ASU when local research needs to be conducted.</p><br>
<p>Arizona Master Naturalist: The Arizona Master Naturalist Association (AZMN) provides natural resource volunteers who are skilled and knowledgeable about sites across the state. They provide the preserve with these skilled volunteers who provide education, stewardship, and information to the daily visitors. This furthers the preserve and the university&#39;s mission of education.</p><br>
<p>Osher Lifelong Learning Institute: The Osher Lifelong Learning Institute is based out of Arizona State University and gives university-quality, non-credit classes for students 50 and up. Themed lecture classes are offered at the preserve and are specialized in a variety of cross-disciplinary studies including anthropology, global health, archaeology, and life sciences. These courses are led by graduate students and faculty during the fall semesters.</p><br>
<p>Girl Scouts of the USA: The preserve is an official partner with the Arizona Cactus-Pine Council. They work with the organization to provide badge and patch workshops that focus on topics of archaeology, preservation, and desert wildlife. The main goal is to provide valuable, engaging, and unique learning experiences for girls in the Phoenix area.</p><br>
<h2>Exhibits</h2><br>
<p>Arizona State University and SHESC have worked together to provide numerous exhibits at the site that further enhance the educational mission of the site. The permanent exhibit, Leaving Marks: The Rock Art and Archaeology of Deer Valley, seeks to provide a detailed history of the site and the significance it has to the surrounding areas. This exhibit was made possible due to a grant from the Arizona Humanities Council. Some other exhibits that have been at the preserve include Legacy of Landscapes: The Art and Archaeology of Perry Mesa, One World, Many Voices: The Artistry of Canyon Records, Fragments: Piecing Together Southwest Archaeology, and Pieces of the Puzzle: New Perspectives on the Hohokam.</p><br>
<h2>Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve</h2><br>
<p>The Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve museum building was designed by architect Will Bruder and landscape architect Christy Ten Eyck and was constructed in 1994. The museum was designed to represent unique architectural solutions combining design elements of steel and concrete. It is shaped like a boomerang as it is meant to symbolize connecting the city of Phoenix to the sanctuary of the preserve. It has space for ongoing exhibits, teaching, research, and presentation. Serving as a focal point at the preserve, thousands of visitors pass through it each year. It also attracts those interested in architectural design and landscape architecture from across the globe.</p><br>
<p>Hohokam petroglyphs and other items at the Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve</p><br>
<p>The Outing Park Historic District, also known as Hollywood, is a residential historic district in the South End of Springfield, Massachusetts. It is a collection of 23 residential apartment blocks that were built between 1914 and 1926 by the prolific building firm, Gagnier & Angers. They occupy a relatively compact area, a few blocks along Niagara, Oswego, and Bayonne Streets, along with a few buildings on Dwight Street Extension and Saratoga Street. The district represents a distinctive and large concentration of period apartment blocks in the city, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Outing Park area is in Springfield&#39;s South End, on the east side of Main Street roughly between Saratoga and Marble Streets. The district is roughly bisected by Dwight Street Extension, and includes 23 (out of 44 originally built) apartment blocks. All are four stories in height, and are set against the public sidewalks, creating a generally narrow streetscape. The buildings are all stylistically similar, built out of different colors of brick with cast stone trim, with decorative elements from the Georgian Revival and Classical Revival. Typical elements include trim stringcourses between some floors, keystoned window lintels (some set on round-arch blind openings), and bracketed cornices. Entrance treatments vary, including porticos with Tuscan columns and recessed entries with stone surrounds. Interior elements of buildings that survive are often restricted to the public spaces, although many door and window casings survive in some of the living units.</p><br>
<p>The Outing Park area was one of the largest residential developments of the firm of Gagnier & Angers, a prolific developer who built many apartment blocks in the city during the first three decades of the 20th century, erecting more than 800 living units in the city. This particular development included 44 buildings, whose capacity ranged from 8 to more than 20 units each. This area became the single largest concentration of apartment blocks in the city. During the urban renewal period of the 1970s, the city acquired all of these buildings, and demolished many that were judged to be in too poor condition to keep. Most of these were restricted to one side of the development, so the concentrated streetscape has survived.</p><br>
<p>The Voelker Orth Museum, Bird Sanctuary and Victorian Garden is a museum at 14919 38th Avenue in the Murray Hill neighborhood of Queens in New York City. In addition to preserving a German immigrant family&#39;s 1890s home and garden, the Voelker Orth Museum engages audiences through the arts, education, nature, horticulture and local history by offering house tours, temporary exhibitions, concerts, lectures and workshops, cultural festivals, and family and school programs. Its mission is to "preserve and interpret the cultural and horticultural heritage of Flushing, Queens and adjacent communities to engage their ever-changing populations, through the experience of an immigrant family’s 1890s home." The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The museum occupies a two-story house that was constructed in 1891 by a local businessman, James Bouton. It was built as an investment two years after the Long Island Rail Road opened the Murray Hill railway station nearby. The house was then purchased in 1899 by a German immigrant named Conrad Voelcker, who moved in with his wife Elizabeth and infant daughter Theresa. After Voelckers death in 1930, the house became the home of his daughter, Theresa Voelker (later generations spelled the name without the c&#39;) and her husband, Dr. Rudolph Orth. Their daughter, Elisabetha Orth, who lived in the house most of her life, established the organization which now runs the museum in her will. When the Museum was incorporated, extensive restoration of the property was undertaken prior to opening in 2003. Photographs of the house from the early 1900s provided a reference for Graf & Lewent, the restoration architects. Period rooms incorporated the Orth family furnishings from the 1930s. The property was designated a New York City Landmark in 2007.</p><br>
<h3>Victorian garden</h3><br>
<p>A distinguishing feature of the museum is the Victorian garden, which is maintained using eighteenth century propagation methods and gardening techniques, such as hand pruning and the use of natural fertilizers and pesticides. Serving as a bird sanctuary, the gardens many varieties of berry bushes and trees attract wild birds, most commonly sparrows, mockingbirds, and robins, cardinals, and blue jays. The museum also operates a bee hive, from which honey is harvested to use in educational programs and sell in their gift shop. In 2005, the Voelker Orth Museum Garden won the Long Island Nurserymens and Landscapers Association&#39;s 2005 Gold Award.</p><br>
<h2>Family history</h2><br>
<p>Conrad Voelcker was born in Edenkoben, Germany and immigrated to the United States in 1881, when he was nineteen years old. He established a printing business and German language newspaper, Der Pfälzer in Amerika, in 1884. In moving to Flushing, Conrad Voelcker was bringing his family to what was then an attractive suburb of Manhattan with a relatively short commute to work. Voelcker continued selling his newspaper Der Pfalzer in Amerika until around the time the United States entered World War I in 1917, probably due to Anti-German sentiment. Voelcker retired from the printing business in 1925, and his nephew Carl S. Voelcker became the president and treasurer of the company.</p><br>
<p>Conrads daughter Theresa married Dr. Rudolph Orth, a graduate of Cornell University Medical School and World War I veteran. Their first daughter, Elisabetha “Betty” Orth, was born in 1926. In 1935 they adopted a nine-year-old girl, whom they renamed Barbara. Elisabetha Orth graduated from New York University in 1948, majoring in English Literature. She then attended the University of Texas, where she received a masters degree in Theater. Elisabetha lived with her mother in the family home for many years after her father&#39;s death in 1948. Barbara married Thomas Lipera and moved to Long Island; she now lives in Florida. Theresa Orth died in 1992, and Elisabetha died three years later in 1995 of injuries resulting from an automobile accident. In her will, Elisabetha Orth bequeathed the establishment of the Voelker Orth Museum as an educational resource.</p><br>
<p>Voelker Orth 02.JPGFrom southwest of the house</p><br>
<p>Voelker Orth 03.JPGFrom southeast of the house</p><br>
<p>Winants Hall is a historic educational building located on the Queens Campus of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.</p><br>
<p>Designed by Van Campen Taylor and completed in 1890, Winants Hall is the oldest dormitory building at Rutgers University, known then as Rutgers College. The building was a gift to the university from Board of Trustees member and Bayonne businessman, Garrett E. Winants, and cost $75,000. The construction of the dormitory satisfied many long-awaited needs of the college. The new residential system also fostered a thriving social atmosphere for students, staff, and guests as it served as a student dormitory from 1890 to 1947.</p><br>
<p>It is a contributing property in the Queens Campus, Rutgers University Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 2, 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>When Garrett E. Winants donated money to Rutgers College for the creation of its first dormitory, he stipulated that the building expressly be used “only by the students of Rutgers College...and be kept in good and reasonable repair at the expense of said college.” The cornerstone was laid by Winants on June 18, 1889 during a celebration of faculty and students. By September 1890, the building was completed and provided accommodations for about 85 students. Rooms were chosen by students on the basis of seniority, with the older students getting first pick. The students paid rent in advance before the start of the semester. In 1896, Amanda Winants, the wife of Garrett E. Winants, donated an extra $10,000 “for the sole purpose of keeping in repair the building known as Winants Hall.”</p><br>
<p>Previous to the construction of Winants Hall, Rutgers men had been living in boarding houses, commuting, or living in fraternity houses. Rutgers students had been begging for a long time to have a central living location on campus and their wishes were finally met by Winants. William H. S. Demarest, president of Rutgers College, describes the issue of housing in his History of Rutgers, “It was the first full answer to the dormitory appeal which had repeatedly expressed itself for sixty years…” Having a central residence was so important to students and changed the way students saw and experienced college. Demarest states, “It marked innovation in the order of Rutgers College life.” The move to have dorms on campus was described as, “‘an incentive to increased work...and loyalty to alma mater.’ Students were thrilled to have a home of their own. That year they dedicated the Scarlet Letter yearbook to Mr. Winants “‘with the love of all Rutgers.’” Some of the students, those who were not already in fraternities, were clearly very excited to have a new community to be a part of.</p><br>
<p>A Targum article from 1924 describes what living in Winants Hall was like. According to the article, the students had water fights and there was the “throwing of everything from bags of water and door-loads of snow to bureaus and armchairs. These articles are generally projected from the third and fourth floors, and the law of gravity, the only law which has always been respected in Winants, takes effect.” Winants had its own culture which was shared by many of the men who attended Rutgers. It was a place for them to connect with each other beyond just the classroom setting. The Targum article states, “It is probably safe to say that Winants had had more influence on the men who have gone through Rutgers College with it as their home than any other building on campus. Winants men are always Rutgers men, in every sense of the word…” The construction of the residence hall helped push Rutgers to be a more social school. Winants Hall served as a quasi-student center when Rutgers College had not yet constructed one. Winants Hall served as an area for hosting guests, celebrations, alumni dinners, football team dinners, and meetings for various associations, including the college YMCA.</p><br>
<p>The donation of Winants Hall came at a pivotal time for the university. Since its founding in 1766 by the Dutch Reformed Church, the college struggled with funding issues and low attendance rates, even closing its doors from 1794 to 1807 and again from 1816 to 1825. In 1825, Rutgers College, having sold its property to the church, came under its control to survive as an institution and even though it survived, attendance rates continued to drop until the late 1850s. During this difficult time, “The public displayed great apathy toward the college, and the trustees placed the blame on the aging faculty.” The trustees led the college into major reforms such as the overhaul of faculty and improvement in facilities. Attendance to the college increased in the latter half of the nineteenth century.</p><br>
<p>A major reason for the college&#39;s rapid growth in the second half of the nineteenth century was the passing of the Morrill Land-Grant Act of 1862. This Act offered federal land to each state to be given to a college where instruction would be offered in agriculture and the mechanic arts. In 1864, the land grant for New Jersey was awarded to the newly formed Scientific School of Rutgers College. This grant and following grants provided the impetus for Rutgers to become a “substantial, academically oriented, increasingly secular, financially secure, multipurpose college” under President Campbell. President Merrill Edward Gates continued this modernizing mission in a campaign to raise academic standards and improve student discipline. By the 1890s, this growing and modernizing institution desperately needed a modern residential system for students which Winants Hall provided.</p><br>
<h3>Building&#39;s Evolution</h3><br>
<p>The interior of the building has been altered many times to adapt to the universitys needs. When it was first completed in 1890, the first floor of the building consisted of a dining room, assembly room and student suites, each containing two bedrooms and a study room. The second and third floors held more suites and the fourth floor contained suites, the kitchen, laundry, and employees apartments. The dormitory housed about 85 students. In 1909, the dining hall was improved and in 1911 and 1915, the building was re-furnished and plumbing improved. Winants would serve as Rutgers College&#39;s sole dormitory until 1915 when Ford Hall was built on the Voorhees Mall along College Avenue. By 1915, suites on the first floor were turned into offices for the college YMCA. In the summer of 1920, Winants Hall served as the residence for students completing the first ever summer session at Rutgers. Later in 1925, the new Industrial Extension Division, a program to teach practical and technical skills to public utility employees and headed by Professor Miller, moved its offices into Winants Hall and eventually expanded so that in 1929, its offices extended over the south end of the first and second floors of the building. The building continued to serve a dual function as a student dormitory and office space until 1947 when Rutgers University fully converted Winants Hall into an academic and administrative facility.</p><br>
<p>The biggest alteration to Winants Hall came in 1990 with a campaign to reconfigure the building for its centennial. The $9.6 million (in 1990 dollars) restoration project&#39;s goal was to create a new administrative center in the building. The campaign proposed that the building would be adapted to serve as an assembly area for Rutgers’ Board of Governors, Board of Trustees, and Board of Overseers. It would also serve as an alumni center and office for various administrative departments. During this project headed by the Hillier Group, the building was gutted and braced with a new steel frame. Even the windows were rebuilt. On the exterior, the Hillier Group reconstructed the cornices and cleaned and restored the stone banding and stained glass windows. In the interior, they restored four Roman brick fireplaces, the marble floor, and the four-story oak staircase. Fire stairs and an elevator were added and rooms were adapted for office use. Recently, Winants Hall was renovated again in 2017 and 2018. The building currently serves the university as an administrative building.</p><br>
<p>New Jersey Hall is a historic education building located on the campus of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1889 under the leadership of President Merrill Edward Gates, it housed the Agricultural Experiment Station. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 24, 1975, for its significance in agriculture and education. Today, the building houses the university&#39;s Department of Economics.</p><br>
<h2>Summary</h2><br>
<p>New Jersey Hall was built in 1889 by architect George K. Parsell. The plot of land it is on was given to Rutgers by James Neilson Jr. The buildings construction was funded by the Hatch Act of 1887, which was passed with the purpose of implementing and conducting agricultural research programs. Prior to the Hatch Act of 1887, the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862 paved the way for a greater focus on agriculture and mechanical arts in higher education. When Rutgers was declared the land-grant college of New Jersey, it opened opportunities for innovation and expansion. George H. Cook was the primary advocate for Rutgers to be chosen as the land-grant college of New Jersey and was also the first director of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station which was originally housed in New Jersey Hall. The building also initially housed the colleges departments of Chemistry and Biology. Today, New Jersey Hall houses the university&#39;s Department of Economics and the New Jersey Bureau of Economic Research. It is primarily an office building for professors and graduate students.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>New Jersey Hall was built by architect George K. Parsell in 1889. It is a mixture of Queen Anne and Richardsonian Romanesque. The outside of the building is made of cut stone. It is three stories high and rests on the foundation of the building which is a high basement. There are two entrances to the building, one on the side of Voorhees Mall and one faces Hamilton Street. Stone arches, supported by Romanesque columns with capitals, mark both sides of the entranceways.</p><br>
<p>In 1903 there was a fire that destroyed a large portion of the roof and third story. The damaged areas were rebuilt to maintain the original design. Since then some slight renovations and repairs have been done, but the building maintains its historic integrity.</p><br>
<h2>Legislation</h2><br>
<p>The Morrill Act of 1862 gave New Jersey a land script of 210,000 acres of public land in the west. This land was originally that of the Lenni Lenape, who were never compensated. The profits received from the sale of this land to private individuals, allowed New Jersey to fund departments in agriculture and mechanical arts. Rutgers University was chosen as the college to receive these funds and be declared the land-grant college of New Jersey. This shifted higher education to focus on the sciences and allowed low-income and disadvantaged New Jersey residents to receive a formal education.</p><br>
<p>The Hatch of 1887 allowed for the New Jersey government to give Rutgers an annual subsidy of $15,000, which enabled the establishment of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. On May 11, 1888, plans and funds were excepted by the Rutgers Board of Trustees to build New Jersey Hall, in order to house the NJAES as well as new laboratories.</p><br>
<h2>Educational use</h2><br>
<p>New Jersey Hall was home to the chemistry and biology departments of Rutgers college. Students were given more space to conduct research and experiments, specifically on agricultural and mechanical arts. Advances in the use of fertilizers, as well as insecticides, were made. These experiments also enabled chemists to act as an official food and drug administration for New Jersey residents at the time.</p><br>
<p>The DeVault-Massengill House  is a historical building and farmstead in Piney Flats, Tennessee, United States. The house is a mansion built in the Greek revival style by Isaac DeVault in 1842. The first building on the property, a log cabin built by Henry Massengill around 1769, is also still intact. The house and property was listed in the USA National Register of Historic Places as the DeVault-Masengill house in 1985 for its architectural significance.</p><br>
<h2>History of the buildings and land</h2><br>
<p>The property was first developed by Henry Massengill, who settled in eastern Tennessee in 1769. He built a log cabin on the property, which has been restored and is still there. He also developed it into a plantation, which remained in operation for many generations. The DeVault family acquired the property in the 19th century, and the Massengills bought it back in 1937. Today it lies along the Bristol Highway, across from the Rocky Mount Museum.</p><br>
<p>Monumental United Methodist Church, formerly known as Dinwiddie Street Methodist Church, is a historic Methodist church located in Portsmouth, Virginia. It is a five-bay brick and stucco, Victorian Gothic style church. It is features a 182 feet tall, two part central tower. The church was built between 1871 and 1876 on the foundations of an earlier 1831 building that had burned in 1864.</p><br>
<p>The church was heavily damaged by fire on January 3, 2018.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. It is located in the Portsmouth Olde Towne Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The Orville P. and Sarah Chubb House is a historic house in Fairmont, Minnesota, United States. Built in 1867, the Chubb House is the oldest residence standing in Fairmont, and the only surviving house known to have been built with brick from Fairmonts first brickyard. It was the home of prominent homesteader Orville Chubb, who was the communitys first physician. The house is an example of a property associated with the early Yankee American development of southern Minnesota town sites. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995 for having local significance in the theme of exploration/settlement. It was nominated for its connections to the founding of Fairmont and for representing the Yankee settlement of southern Minnesota towns.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The house is a Greek Revival design, with brick made from clay quarried near Buffalo Lake. It originally contained three rooms, but another room was added in 1930 and another section was added in 1935. The second floor contains two bedrooms, a small child&#39;s room, and a bathroom. The house was acquired in 1992 by the Martin County Preservation Association. It is the oldest brick house still standing in Fairmont.</p><br>
<p>The Chubb House is one of southwestern Minnesota&#39;s few extant examples of the Greek Revival style. The small, -story house was constructed of reddish-brown brick made locally in the first kiln erected at Fairmont. The basement was constructed of large fieldstones and lake boulders held together with mortar. The mortar was scored around each rock on both the inside and outside the foundation.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Orville Paterson Chubb was born in Michigan in 1830, attended Cincinnati Medical College, and married Sarah E. Gorton. When the American Civil War started, he enlisted in the Army and served in the Fifth Michigan Regiment in its medical corps. After the war ended, he came to Martin County in fall 1865 to seek land available to retired Civil War soldiers. Representing himself and other officers, he purchased the townsite where Fairmont was eventually plotted. In 1866, Chubb moved to Minnesota with his wife Sarah and daughter Lottie. He and other town founders planned the town of Fairmont and began building homes and businesses.</p><br>
<p>A few months after their move to Fairmont, in an effort to stimulate the development of the town site, Chubb and fellow Michigan officer Colonel Lounsberry established a brickyard on the southwestern side of Buffalo Lake, about 2 mi north of the Chubb House. Because the clay was believed to contain too much lime to make durable brick, the brickyard was short-lived. The Chubb House was the first brick house to be built in the county and is the only building still standing which was made from brick from the Chubb-Lounsberry kiln.</p><br>
<p>The Chubb House was constructed by John R. Dalton, an Irish-born mason who had homesteaded in Martin County in 1866. The house was built at a time when most other structures in the county were log or wood-frame. The house was built on Lake Avenue, just north of Fort Fairmont and just south of the home of Chubb&#39;s sister and brother-in-law, Alta Chubb Cadwell and Alpha D. Cadwell. Chubb named the street between the two houses Lottie Street in honor of his daughter.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Chubb was disillusioned with medical practice after the Civil War, but since there were no other physicians in Fairmont, he practiced medicine until Dr. Winslow Hunt arrived in 1871. Chubb is credited with playing a significant role in the building of the Fairmont community. As co-owner of the town site, he was active in designing its physical layout and drew plans for Fairmonts first cemetery and county fairgrounds. As Fairmonts only physician until 1871, he held a professional and social position that was crucial in the community. Sarah E. Gorton Chubb, who had been born in Michigan in October 1831, was also a leader in the community, although few of her contributions have been recorded. She was an active member of the local Congregational church.</p><br>
<p>In 1875, the Chubbs left Minnesota, so their daughter Lottie could attend school in Nebraska. They sold their house to George S. Livermore. The Chubbs returned to Fairmont, but in 1880 their daughter died, and in 1882, Sarah died. Dr. Chubb remarried and moved to California. He died in 1894 and is buried in Fairmont.</p><br>
<p>Under its second owner, George S. Livermore, the Chubb House served as one of the first hotels in the young village of Fairmont. Livermore was also a prominent early merchant who bought livestock and ran a meat market. He became one of Martin County&#39;s most-respected and wealthiest citizens. He was still living in the house in 1897 and died in 1904. It was probably Livermore who added the southern addition to the house. The third owner of the house, David Wade, was born in Martin County in 1867 and attended Fairmont schools. He was a leading businessman for sixty-eight years. Wade added a wood-frame rear kitchen extension and a Classical Revival-style entrance to the house.</p><br>
<p>In 1992, the house was threatened with demolition to make room for a parking lot. The Martin County Preservation Association was formed to save the house. The Association purchased the house for $35,000 and refurbished it.</p><br>
<p>Trinity Episcopal Church is a historic Episcopal church located in Portsmouth, Virginia. It was built between 1828 and 1830, and is a stuccoed brick building. It has an attached bell tower. Also on the property is the contributing parish house, built in 1887. During the American Civil War, the church was used as a hospital.</p><br>
<p>Rt.Rev. C. Charles Vaché, who served as its rector for 19 years before becoming the Bishop of Southern Virginia, wrote a history of the parish.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is located in the Downtown Portsmouth Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Portsmouth Courthouse, also known as Norfolk County Courthouse, is a historic courthouse building located at Portsmouth, Virginia, United States. It was built in 1846, and is a one-story with basement, Greek Revival style brick building. It measures 78 feet wide by 57 feet deep. The building is topped by a paneled parapet with Doric order entablature supported by plain Greek Doric pilasters. The building remained in use as a courthouse until 1960, when the county government moved to Great Bridge.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970. It is located in the Downtown Portsmouth Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The building now houses the Portsmouth Art & Cultural Center.</p><br>
<p>The Chesterfield Center Historic District is a historic district that encompasses the traditional village center of the town of Chesterfield, Massachusetts. The village is reflective of the town&#39;s 18th and 19th-century development as an agrarian hill community, with architectural styles before about 1850 predominating. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The town of Chesterfield, located in the eastern foothills of The Berkshires, was first permanently settled in 1760, and was incorporated two years later. Its main village was located near its geographic center, and is basically a rural crossroads village, centered on the junction of the east-west Main Road (Massachusetts Route 143) with North Road and South Road, main roads leading to neighboring communities. Its development pattern differed from earlier-settled communities to the east, in that the settlers tended to be dispersed, with their houses on the larger agricultural parcels they owned, instead of being near a village center. The oldest houses of the village date to the 1770s, although one house incorporates in part a structure dating to c. 1768. The village continued to be a center of civic activity through the 19th century, even though economic and industrial activity was focused in other parts of the town, particularly West Chesterfield.</p><br>
<p>The historic district encompassing the village is very roughly T-shaped, extending mainly along Main Road east and west of the junction, and south along South Road. Also included in the district are properties on Bagg and Bryant Roads, which form a rough square with Main and South Roads southwest of the main junction. The district includes a cluster of civic buildings (town hall, library, grange hall, and Congregational Church), one commercial building (a general store), and a number of houses. These buildings are built in a variety of architectural styles, ranging from traditional Georgian to late Victorian Queen Anne. Most of the houses are vernacular versions of some style, and are 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 stories in height, of wood frame construction.</p><br>
<p>The West Chesterfield Historic District is a historic district that encompasses the 19th century industrial and residential heritage of the village of West Chesterfield in the town of Chesterfield, Massachusetts. Centered at the junction of Main Road and Ireland Street, it was one of the town&#39;s main industrial sites for many years. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>West Chesterfield was one of the first parts of Chesterfield to be settled in the 1760s. The east-west Main Road (Massachusetts Route 143) was laid out on the route of a Native American trail in 1760, and Ireland Street was laid out in 1762, continuing north from its junction with Main Road toward Cummington as Cummington Road. The industrial history of the area begins in the 1770s with Elisha Bisbee&#39;s grist mill (not surviving). Further mills and small industry were built on both sides of the East Branch Westfield River, mainly south of Main Road, during the 19th century. Fire and flood prompted rebuilding of various businesses, one of which, the Healy Company, operated well into the 20th century.</p><br>
<p>The historic district is centered at the junction of Main Road and Ireland Street in the central western part of Chesterfield. Ireland Street runs along the Westfield River, which provided the water power used by the industrial facilities in the district. Most of the contributing elements of the district date to the 19th century, although some (most notably the 1948 West Chesterfield Bridge) fall outside that time. There are many industrial archeological remnants of mills that were established in the early years of the 19th century, as well as visible remnants of the waterworks (canals, raceways, and dams) that were used to bring power into the mill buildings. None of the 19th century mill buildings have survived, although foundations and other archeological remains are visible. The only major civic structure in the district is the Colonial Revival Herbert Franklin Dunham Library, built 1921. Residential architecture in the area is dominated by the Greek Revival, and is predominantly wood-frame in construction.</p><br>
<p>Gate Cemetery is a historic cemetery on Ireland Street in West Chesterfield, Massachusetts. It is located just under one mile  south of the center of West Chesterfield, the junction of Main Road and Ireland Street. The 1/3 acre cemetery is on a plateau of land on the east side of Ireland Street, flanked to the east by the Westfield River and to the west by a steep hillside. It takes its name from a toll gate that was erected nearby when the area was settled in the late 18th century.</p><br>
<p>The date of the cemetery&#39;s establishment is uncertain, but may be related to a deed transfer of land in the area to the town in 1794. The oldest grave marker, that of Joseph Gere, dates to 1808, while the latest (one of only three dated after 1959) is dated 1997. There are 121 full markers and 26 fragments, and there may be unmarked gravesites. The markers are laid out in 13 rows in the roughly rectangular plot. Most of the markers are marble, although there are number that are granite or slate. Five of the markers are obelisks; none of them exhibit any particular artistic sophistication. The plot is demarcated by fieldstone walls about four feet high; the entrance is marked by two granite posts, into which pockets are carved that hold wooden rails that must be removed to gain access to the grounds. None of the gravesites is fenced off, and there are no circulating paths or roadways on the grounds.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery, along with the nearby Ireland Street Cemetery, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>The Ireland Street Cemetery is a historic cemetery on Ireland Street in West Chesterfield, Massachusetts. The cemetery contains 185 stones, dating from 1772 to 1996, most of which date to the 18th and 19th centuries. It is one of the town&#39;s oldest cemeteries, and contains the work of three significant funerary carvers of the late 18th and 19th centuries. The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Ireland Street Cemetery is in southwestern Chesterfield, on a rise above the Westfield River which flows north-south to the east of Ireland Street, the town&#39;s major north-south route on its west side, and one of its oldest roadways. The approximately 1 acre plot lies on the west side of Ireland Street, surrounded by fields and orchards. The plot is demarcated by stone walls, the eastern one also acting as a retaining wall, because the plot is raised above the road. This wall is made of random fieldstones topped by several courses of flat stones and capped by a course of quarried granite. These are topped by urn-shaped fenceposts connected by a single iron rail. The entrance is in the center of the wall. Burials are arrayed in rows, oriented to face east.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery was probably established sometime in the early 1770s, after the first white settlers arrived in the area in the 1760s. It is probably the towns second cemetery, after the Center Cemetery (1764), although documentary evidence is lacking. The oldest stone, dating 1772, was for Mrs. Mary Sylvester. It is possible that it was established first as a Sylvester family cemetery, as it was located on land belonging to that family. Many of the early burials were of people with Irish ancestry, who were involved in the founding of the town. Most of the burials in the cemetery took place before 1820, the height of Chesterfields population, which declined until c. 1970.</p><br>
<p>The oldest stones in the cemetery have been positively identified as the works of two well-known itinerant funerary carvers, Joseph and Elijah Sikes, a father and son who were active in the region through about 1820. Elijah Sikes was born c. 1772, indicating that the earliest stones were likely the work of his father. Stones carved in the mid-19th century, after Elijah&#39;s departure from the region, bear stylistically resemblance to his work, indicating that subsequent carvers, including Elijah Phelps, were influenced by his work. Several stones have been attributed in groups to other unnamed carvers.</p><br>
<p>The Des Moines Building is a historic building located in downtown Des Moines, Iowa, United States built in 1930 and based on the designs of the Des Moines architectural firm of Proudfoot, Rawson, Souers & Thomas. It is a combination of the Art deco and Art Moderne styles. The 14-story structure rises to a height of 190 ft. The former office building was abandoned and in May 2011 the city of Des Moines declared it a public nuisance so as to acquire it to be redeveloped. In November of the same year they sold the building for $150,000 to Des Moines Apartments, LP who developed it into 146 loft apartments. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. The basement has a fitness center, laundry room, storage, bicycle storage, and a community room. The rooftop is accessible via the 14th floor and has a great 360 degree view of Des Moines. The building is also connected to the city&#39;s extensive skywalk system.</p><br>
<p>The D.C. Booth Historic National Fish Hatchery and Archives, also known as the Spearfish Fisheries Center or Spearfish Fisheries Complex and formerly known as the Spearfish National Fish Hatchery, is one of 70 fish hatcheries that were opened by the USA Fish and Wildlife Service as part of the National Fish Hatchery System. The hatchery was established near Spearfish, South Dakota in 1896, with the purpose of introducing and establishing populations of trout in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming. It is one of the oldest fish hatcheries in the United States The hatchery doubles as a fisheries archive with the purpose of preserving records and early historical artifacts. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings and exhibits</h2><br>
<p>The Von Bayer Museum of Fish Culture is located inside the original 1899 hatchery building, as well as the 10,000 ft&sup2; Collection Management Facility, which was built in 1989. The museum houses over 185,000 artifacts of fish culture, making it the largest collection of such items in the United States. Only a few of the artifacts are on display; the rest are kept in a 5,000 ft&sup2; storage room.</p><br>
<p>The Neo-Colonial Revival Booth House was built by D.C. Booth in 1905 as a home for himself and his family. The wooden house was built on a rusticated sandstone foundation. The house has been preserved, and tours are offered to visitors.</p><br>
<p>Fish Car No. 3 is a reproduction of a railcar that was used before the invention of refrigerated tanker trucks. For about 66 years, ten railcars like this one were used to haul trout throughout the Black Hills. The nearby ice house is a replica of the 1899 original. Once used to store blocks of ice for transporting fish and their eggs, it currently serves as the Fish Culture Hall of Fame to honor pioneers and innovators in the field of aquaculture.</p><br>
<p>The Yellowstone Boat, or USA Fisheries Boat #39, was used by fish hatchery workers on expeditions to Yellowstone National Park to collect trout eggs. The operation began in 1901 and ended in 1911. The boat was restored and is on display.</p><br>
<p>The Pond Gift Shop and information center is located in a restored turn-of-the-century hatchery building. The main fish viewing area includes feeding machines that visitors can operate. There is also an underwater viewing area beside the main fish area.</p><br>
<p>Two hiking trails run along the borders of the site.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This particular center was funded by a bill passed through Congress to create a Black Hills fish hatchery. Hector Von Bayer was sent by the United States Fish Commission to find a suitable site; Von Bayer reported back that he thought Ames Canyon, south of Spearfish, would be the best spot for the hatchery. That location was then occupied by a sawmill operated by John Johnson, but Johnson agreed to sell the land and left the area to participate in the Klondike Gold Rush. The building of the hatchery was supervised by H. A. Bush and was done mainly by John Russell. Construction was delayed by a harsh winter in 1898-1899, but the hatchery was completed by July 1899. The center opened as the Spearfish National Fish Hatchery in 1896 and was under the scope of the newly founded National Fish Hatchery System. The complex included 17 ponds and a main hatchery building; these facilities used spring water.</p><br>
<p>In late July 1899, 100,000 blackspotted trout eggs arrived to begin populating the hatchery. Dewitt Clinton Booth, the first superintendent and a New York native, traveled to the new hatchery from the Leadville National Fish Hatchery in Colorado. A few days after the eggs arrived, the area was hit by a flash flood, and all of the eggs were washed away and destroyed. Booth later added two storm channels to prevent further flooding. Booth and his employees cleaned up the grounds and finished the hatchery building. At completion, the building was able to hold a maximum of 2.5 million eggs among 48 troughs. Booth described the winter conditions at the hatchery as being "very favorable for incubation."</p><br>
<p>The hatchery closed in 1983 after budget cuts forced the closure of the site. The hatchery, still managed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, still allowed visitors but could not continue operations. The hatchery reopened in 1989 as the D.C. Booth Historic National Fish Hatchery, in honor of Booth,</p><br>
<p>In August 2013, it was announced that the hatchery would shut down on October 1, 2013, after the USA Fish and Wildlife Service issued a nationwide hatchery shutdown due to priority being given to other programs and insufficient funding. The announcement was met with opposition by USA Senator Tim Johnson and USA Representative Kristi Noem, both from South Dakota; as well as Spearfish Mayor Dana Boke.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism and economic impact</h2><br>
<p>According to a 2007 study by Black Hills State University, the hatchery&#39;s operations generate $2.1 million in revenue for local businesses annually. Approximately $1 million is spent in Spearfish by nonresidents who visited the town because of the hatchery.</p><br>
